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Sound are simple vibrations in audible and inaudible forms briefly. These vibrations are caused by the presence of air. The energy that causes sound to be formed is carried from one place to another between air molecules. Although the definition of the sound is simple, we realize that the sound itself can differ greatly when we consider the different sounds of each person and the formations such as music. In addition to the sounds that can be heard in nature, there are inaudible infrasonic (20 Hz and below) and ultrasonic (20000 Hz and above) sounds, too. Some animals communicate through these sounds that have different frequency values. In addition, it is used as subsonic in the treatment of various diseases in sonic medicine and as supersonic super sonic shock waves in the defense industry. When all these are evaluated, we can easily say that sound is a type of energy.

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When we consider this characteristics features, the importance of the sound wave forming is come to fore. Considering that sound is propagated through air molecules, creating and transmitting sound in the desired form is a sensitive issue. In order for sound to be used as energy, sound must be produced and controlled at the correct frequency, sufficient amplitude and level.

User Engineering designs the sonic horn product with precision. The body structure of the horn is of great importance in determining the frequency. The frequency is calculated via the geometric values of the horn.

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One of the important physical properties of the horn is the nonlinear propagation angle. As the angle approaches the entrance mouth of the horn, it expands exponentially. The purpose of this is to gradually stretch the developing wave. In a flat conical horn structure, the area near the throat doubles in a short distance, while it expands more slowly towards the mouth. This imbalance restricts the gradual stretching of the wave. However, in a horn with an exponential bend, this situation is tried to be equalized. Thus, the sound is amplified efficiently in a short distance.

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This form of horn structure acts as an amplifier to amplify the sound.

Another important issue in these calculations is the need for a high OD / L ratio. Although it is not possible to reach a value of 1 when all parameters are taken into consideration while designing, it is useful to keep it high to ensure the growth of the sound.

Thus, the physical structure in which we can obtain sound energy in the desired form is completed.

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The second stage is the formation of sound. The sound occurs inside a structure called "housing" before passing to the horn structure. While designing this structure, the decibel value representing the power of the sound depends on the variables below.

  • The material of the diaphragm structure that creates the sound inside the housing structure by providing vibration.
  • The thickness and radius of the diaphragm structure.
  • Frequency caused by body structure.
  • The amount of air we send into the housing structure.
  • The width of the area where the diaphragm structure vibrates.