Boilers

coal - lignite - fuel oil - biomass is converted into electricity. For this process, different boiler systems are used in the facilities.

The section where the heat is obtained by burning the fuel with different combustion systems is the boiler section. Depending on the type of boiler, temperatures range from 800 to 1300 degrees. There are many types of energy power plant boilers. Some of those;

• Pulverized Boilers
• Stream Boilers
• Fluidized – bed boilers
• Heat Recovery Boilers
• Biomass Boilers

It is Installed to prevent the accumulation of ash carried by the exhaust gas in Superheater - reheater - economizer and air heater lines.

Depending on the fuel type of fuels, ash concentrations in these sections are formed at different levels. The flue gas must transfer its heat as it passes through the bundles in order to obtain dry steam. However, this heat cannot be transferred as healthy due to the ash density formed. Thus, it is released from the chimney to the atmosphere. Soot blowers are used to prevent powdery mildew in boilers.

The user sonic soot blowers are an effective system for eliminating of ash. This system is installed superheater, reheater, economizer, airpreheater, SCR, ESP, filter, fan sections. It synchronously prevents ash condensation.

Fluidized Bed Technology;

Fluidized Bed Technology; Low economic value and Easy to supply (0 – 10 mm powder coal, wood shavings, prina etc.) Steam / hot oil production from clean and safe energy by burning a wide range of fuels with high efficiency.

They are also high-performance, environmentally friendly, economically efficient boilers.

The ability to use a variety of fuel sources provides flexibility in terms of fuel's variable costs and availability.

Up to the present, fluidized bed boilers of various capacities and sizes have been developed. Since the beginning of the 21st century, fluidized bed boiler technology has made great progress and has greatly increased its share in the energy sector. Low calorie lignite, coal, wood shavings, pomace, hazelnut bark and so on. combustion of fuels together and separately is designing by evaluating very wide operating conditions.

If the flue gas flow speed is 3 – 5 m/s inside the unit,the flow molecules tend to be close to each other as possible as and tend to behave similarly.

As a result, the ash is accumulated by time. This situation is caused that the temperature is thrown out from the chimney instead of absorbed from transmission pipes in time. This leads to unwanted and long-term cleaning stops for the facility. User sonic horns is create turbulence (irregularity of gas in motion). This prevent the ash formation by damage the structure of the ashing. So, the gas flow reach the filter layer. User sonic horn is used to block this formations.

User Sonic soot blowers is suited with the boiler designs to present full cleaning and to minimize the retractable walkway sizes that necessary for the soot blowers. Acoustic cleaners can clean all of the surfaces due to use low frequency sound waves that to be very diffracted and no matter how directed. This caused a gas way trough the boiler because of protect the pressure differansials. This is created a gas way through the boiler to protect the pressure differentials. Thus, Sonic horn is cleaned all of the heat transfer surfaces by protect the heat efficiency and pressure differansials.

when we base the information of above, we can accept recovery time as less than 10 months. Sonic horn purchase and maintenance costs is very low when we compare other methods that give same results. On the other hand, the sound waves cannot be blocked by internal structure. Thus, Blind spots cannot form and the sound propagate to eveywhere. Also, clean the boilers with sound cannot cause any corrosion on the tube bundles.

The application example ;

The fuel that used in the boilers is wood sawdust that include %10 moisture. Also, it is added automatically as depends on the boiler load. The Sonic cleaning works with timer that have 5 second enabling time at every 10 minute.

Vaxjö Energy (VEAB) produce electrical power supply and central heating for their customer. VEAB has 3 boilers that equipped with sonic horns and delivered between 1996 and 1999 by Jarnforsen AB boiler manufacturer. All boilers were produced in the factory with User sonic cleaning systems and delivered to the customer. The sonic cleanings create hight density sound due to produce compressed air. This formation create a sound wave that provide to damage between the surface and the particles and between the particles. So, This prevents build-up by separate the particles before don't form a hard layer.

Exhaust gas temperature from the boiler (1,5 MW) is 150 degree while sonic cleaning works as normal. If sonic cleanings is closed, exhaust gas increase 25 degree within 48 hours.

When the sonic cleaning is started to work again, exhaust gas temperature is decreased to 150 degree within 48 hours without manual cleaning. The boiler is cleaned as manual once per year during the shut-down. The current cleaning system is sonic cleaning system except manual cleaning every year. The workers get rid of manual cleaning. There is no need to change the fuel between oil and wood during shutdown and start-up. Exhaust gas loss and 25 degrees temperature rise will save 1.3% energy. Total energy input 8500 MW/h in 2003, the saving with sonic cleaning is equal 113 MWh per year. ( MWh per year)

Advantages:

• Less operation cost
• Less maintenance requirements
• There is no erosion and corrosion risk in many pipe application.
• Steam soot blower deactivate completely.